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Created page with "==Section 8 - MEDICATION GUIDELINES== === 8.11 BRONCHODILATORS=== ==== Albuterol (PROVENTIL, VENTOLIN) / Bronchodilator==== '''DESCRIPTION''' * It is a synthetic sympathomime..."

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==Section 8 - MEDICATION GUIDELINES==
=== 8.11 BRONCHODILATORS===

==== Albuterol (PROVENTIL, VENTOLIN) / Bronchodilator====
'''DESCRIPTION'''
* It is a synthetic sympathomimetic that causes bronchodilation with less cardiac effect than Epinephrine. The duration of effect is about four hours.
'''INDICATIONS'''
* [[Acute Asthma or COPD with Wheezing|Acute Asthma]], [[Acute Asthma or COPD with Wheezing|COPD with wheezing]].
'''CONTRAINDICATIONS'''
* Hypersensitivity to the medication.
'''PRECAUTIONS'''
* The patient may experience palpitations, anxiety, nausea, and/or dizziness. Vital signs must be monitored; use caution with cardiac or hypertensive patients.
'''DOSAGE'''
* Adult: 2.5 mg updraft AND refer to appropriate PRACTICE PARAMETER for specific dosage.
* Pediatrics: Refer to Handtevy System
** Less than 12 months: 1.25 mg updraft
** 1 year and older: 2.5 mg

====Ipatropium Bromide (ATROVENT) / Bronchodilator====
'''DESCRIPTION'''
* Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at receptor sites on the bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in decreased cGMP and bronchodilation.
'''INDICATIONS'''
* For the treatment of bronchospasm associated with [[Acute Asthma or COPD with Wheezing|chronic pulmonary disease, including asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema]].
'''CONTRAINDICATIONS'''
* Hypersensitivity to Ipratropium Bromide, or to atropine and its derivatives. Not for use in CHF or cardiac asthma.
'''PRECAUTIONS'''
* Use with caution in patients with narrow angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy or bladder neck obstruction.
'''DOSAGE'''
* 0.5 mg updraft AND refer to appropriate PRACTICE PARAMETER for specific dosage.

====Levalbuterol (XOPENEX) / Beta2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist / Bronchodilator====
'''DESCRIPTION'''
* Xopenex (levalbuterol HCl) Inhalation Solution is a sterile, clear, colorless, preservative-free solution of the hydrochloride salt of levalbuterol, the (R)-enantiomer of the drug substance racemic albuterol. Levalbuterol HCl is a relatively selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist
'''INDICATIONS'''
* For the treatment of bronchospasm associated with [[Acute Asthma or COPD with Wheezing|asthma or COPD with wheezing]].
'''CONTRAINDICATIONS'''
* Xopenex (levalbuterol HCl) Inhalation Solution is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to levalbuterol HCl or racemic albuterol.
'''PRECAUTIONS'''
* Levalbuterol HCl, like all sympathomimetic amines, should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders, especially coronary insufficiency, hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmias; in patients with convulsive disorders, hyperthyroidism, or diabetes mellitus; and in patients who are unusually responsive to sympathomimetic amines.
* Use with Beta-blockers, diuretics, Digoxin, antihistamines or tricyclic antidepressants may cause adverse cardiac effects.
'''DOSAGE'''
* Adults: 1.25 mg nebulized via updraft
* Pediatrics: refer to Handtevy System
** Less than 6 years of age: 0.31 mg nebulized via updraft added to 2.5 ml of normal saline
** 6 years and older: 0.63 mg nebulized via updraft added to 2.5 ml of normal saline

====Vaponefrine (RACEMIC EPINEPHRINE) / Bronchodilator, Adrenergic====
'''DESCRIPTION'''
* Slightly different chemically from epinephrine. Stimulates both alpha and beta adrenergic receptors with a slight preference for the beta2 receptors in the lungs. This results in bronchodilation and a decrease in mucus secretion. It also helps in relieving the subglottic edema associated with croup when administered by inhalation.
'''INDICATIONS'''
* For the treatment of bronchospasm associated with [[Infectious Upper Airway Obstruction - Croup or Epiglottitis|croup]].
'''CONTRAINDICATIONS'''
* Epiglottitis, severe tachyarrhythmias.
'''PRECAUTIONS'''
* Use with antihistamines or tricyclic antidepressants may cause adverse cardiac effects.
'''DOSAGE'''
* 0.5 mg nebulized via updraft added to 3 ml of normal saline AND refer to appropriate PRACTICE PARAMETER for specific dosage.

[[Category:Medication Guidelines|0811]]

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Mfrdmanager: Protected "Bronchodilators" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))

Mfrdmanager: Created page with "==Section 8 - MEDICATION GUIDELINES== === 8.11 BRONCHODILATORS=== ==== Albuterol (PROVENTIL, VENTOLIN) / Bronchodilator==== '''DESCRIPTION''' * It is a synthetic sympathomime..."